翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Mycosphaerella pini ・ Mycosphaerella pinodes ・ Mycosphaerella pistaciarum ・ Mycosphaerella pistacina ・ Mycosphaerella platanifolia ・ Mycosphaerella polymorpha ・ Mycosphaerella pomi ・ Mycosphaerella punctiformis ・ Mycosphaerella pyri ・ Mycosphaerella recutita ・ Mycosphaerella rosicola ・ Mycosphaerella rubi ・ Mycosphaerella stigmina-platani ・ Mycosphaerella striatiformans ・ Mycosphaerellaceae ・ Mycosporine-like amino acid ・ Mycostigma ・ Mycosubtilin ・ Mycotaxon ・ Mycothele ・ Mycothiol ・ Mycothiol synthase ・ Mycothiol-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase ・ Mycothione reductase ・ Mycothyridium ・ Mycotic aneurysm ・ Mycotodea ・ Mycotoxicology ・ Mycotoxin ・ Mycotoxins in animal feed Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Mycosporine-like amino acid ： ウィキペディア英語版 Mycosporine-like amino acid Mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) are small secondary metabolites produced by organisms that live in environments with high volumes of sunlight, usually marine environments. So far there are up to 20 known MAAs identified.〔Cardozo et al. 2007. Metabolites from algae with economical impact. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology, Volume 146, Issues 1-2, July–August 2007, Pages 60-78.〕 They are commonly described as “microbial sunscreen” but their function is not limited to sun protection. ==Background== MAAs are widespread in the microbial world and have been reported in many microorganisms including heterotrophic bacteria,〔Arai, Takayuki. Nishijima, Miyuki. Adachi, Kyoko. Sano, Hiroshi. 1992. Isolation and structure of a UV absorbing substance from the marine bacterium Micrococcus sp. MBI Report.〕 cyanobacteria,〔Garcia-Pichel, and Richard W. Castenholz. 1993. Occurrence of UV-Absorbing, Mycosporine-Like Compounds among Cyanobacterial Isolates and an Estimate of Their Screening Capacity. Appl Environ Microbiology. 59(1): 163-169〕 microalgae,〔Okaichi T, Tokumura T. Isolation of cyclohexene derivatives from Noctiluca miliaris. 1980 Chemical Society of Japan〕 macroalgae, ascomycetous 〔 and basidiomycetous fungi, as well as some multi-cellular organisms.〔Rezanka T, Temina M, Tolstikov AG, Dembitsky VM, 2004. Natural Microbial UV Radiation Filters – Mycosporine-like Amino Acids. Folia Microbiology. 49 (4). 339-352.〕 Most research done on MAAs is on their light absorbing and radiation protecting properties. The first thorough description of MAAs was done in cyanobacteria living in a high UV radiation environment.〔Garcia-Pichel F, Wingard CE, Castenholz RW. 1993. Evidence Regarding the UV Sunscreen Role of a Mycosporine-Like Compound in the Cyanobacterium Gloeocapsa sp. Appl Environ Microbiol. 59(1):170-6.〕 The major unifying characteristic among all MAAs is light absorption. All MAAs absorb UV light that can be destructive to biological molecules (DNA, Proteins, etc.). Though most MAA research is done on their photo-protective capabilities, they are also multifunctional secondary metabolites that have many cellular functions. MAAs are effective antioxidant molecules and are able to stabilize free radicals within their ring structure. In addition to protecting cells from mutation via UV radiation and free radicals, MAAs are able to boost cellular tolerance to desiccation, salt stress, and heat stress. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mycosporine-like amino acid」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.